RANGKUMAN PKn KELAS 7

<div class="MsoNormal"> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="59076220430227306"></a><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><a href="http://sekelebatilmu.blogspot.co.id/2013/03/rangkuman-materi-pkn-kelas-7-semester-1.html"><span style="color: blue;">RANGKUMAN MATERI PKN Kelas 7 Semester 1</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><br /> BAB I<br /> NORMA DALAM KEHIDUPAN<br /> A. Hakikat norma, kebiasaan, adat istiadat dan peraturan yang berlaku dalam masyarakat.<br /> 1. Pengertian<br /> - Norma adalah aturan/ketentuan yang mengikat warga kelompok dalam masyarakat<br /> Norma adalah aturan/ketentuan yang dijadikan sebagai pedoman, panduan,tuntunan manusia dalam bertingkah laku dalam kehidupan<br /> - Kebiasaan adalah perbuatan berulang-ulang dengan pola yang sama dan tetap karena dianggap penting<br /> - Adat istiadat adalah tata kelakuan yang bersifat kekal dan turun temurun<br /> - Peraturan adalah tatanan (petunjuk, kaidah, ketentuan) yang dibuat untuk mengatur <br /> 2. Tujuan<br /> - Mewujudkan tatanan kehidupan yang aman, tertib, rukun dan damai<br /> - Menciptakan ketertiban, ketentraman, keamanan, kedamaian dan kesejahteraan<br /> 3. Manfaat / Fungsi <br /> Mengatur, mengarahkan , membatasi dan mengendalikan tingkah laku manusia agar tidak berbuat sewenang-wenang<br /> 4. Pentingnya Norma<br /> Membatasi dan mengatur tingkah laku agar tidak swwenang-wenang<br /> - Menciptakan kehidupan yang aman, tertib, serasi, selaras dan seimbang<br /> - Membentuk budi pekerti manusia yang baik, patuh, sadar hukum dan memiliki akhlak mulia.<br /> 5. Macam-macam<br /> a. Norma Agama<br /> Adalah petunjuk hidup yang berasal dari Tuhan yang berisi perintah, larangan atau anjuran<br /> Contoh : beribadah, beramal dan tidak maksiat<br /> Sanksi : dosa, siksa neraka<br /> b. Norma Kesusilaan<br /> Adalah aturan yang bersumber dari hati nurani manusia tentang baik buruknya suatu perbuatan.<br /> Contoh : berlaku jujur, bertindak adil<br /> Sanksi : malu, menyesal, merasa bersalah <br /> c. Norma Kesopanan<br /> Adalah peraturan hidup yang timbul dari hasil pergaulan sekelompok manusia di dalam masyarakat<br /> Contoh : meludah di sembarang tempat<br /> Sanksi : Celaan, cemoohan, hinaan, kebenciaan<br /> d. Norma Hukum<br /> Adalah pedoman hidup yang dibuat oleh lembaga Negara (badan yang berwenang)<br /> Contoh : UUD 1945, UU ALJR, UU Sisdiknas<br /> Sanksi : penjara <br /> 6. Sanksi Pelanggaran Norma<br /> Sanksi adalah hukuman yang diberikan akibat melanggar aturan<br /> - Contoh : Mencuri, sanksi bagi …<br /> Agama : dosa, siksaan neraka<br /> Kesusilaan : malu, menyesal, merasa bersalah<br /> Kesopanan : cemoohan, celaan, hinaan, kebencian<br /> Hukum : hukuman penjara. <br /> 7. Contoh Norma dalam kehidupan<br /> - Bermasyarakat :<br /> - Berbangsa :<br /> - Bernegara : <br /> <br /> B. Hakikat dan arti penting hukum bagi Warga Negara<br /> 1. Pengertian Hukum<br /> Adalah himpunan petunjuk hidup (perintah-perintah dan larangan-larangan) yang mengatur tata tertib dalam masyarakatdan harus ditaati oleh seluruh anggota masyarakat.<br /> Adalah peraturan yang dibuat oleh badan yang berwenang yang bersifat meangatur, mengikat dan bersanksi.<br /> <br /> Unsur-unsur hukum :<br /> - peraturan mengenai tingkah laku<br /> - dibuat oleh badan berwenang <br /> - sifatnya memaksa<br /> - sanksinya tegas<br /> Ciri-ciri hukum : <br /> - adanya perintah dan / atau larangan <br /> - perintah / larangan harus ditaati oleh setiap orang<br /> Sifat-sifat hokum : <br /> - mengatur <br /> - mengikat<br /> - memaksa <br /> - bersanksi <br /> 2. Tujuan Hukum <br /> - Untuk mengatur tata tertib manusia (van Apeldoorn)<br /> - Untuk menjaga kepentingan tiap-tiap manusia supaya kepentingan itu tiadk dapat diganggu (van khan)<br /> - Untuk menjamin adanya kepastian hokum (Utrecht)<br /> Pentingnya hukukum bagi warga Negara : <br /> - Memberikan rasa keadilan bagi warga <br /> - Menjamin kepastian hukum bagi warga Negara<br /> - Melindungi dan mengayomi hak-hak warga Negara <br /> 3. Pembagian Hukum<br /> Jenis-jenis hukum menurut : <br /> a. Sumbernya <br /> • Undang-Undang <br /> • Traktat<br /> • Yurisprudensi<br /> • Doktrin<br /> • Kebiasaan <br /> b. Wilayahnra <br /> • Hukum Lokal <br /> • Hukum Nasional<br /> • Hukum Regional (Antar Negara)<br /> • Hukum Internasional <br /> c. Sifatnya <br /> • Hukum yang bersifat memaksa <br /> • Hukum yang bersifat mengatur <br /> • Hukum yang bersifat mengikat <br /> d. Isinya <br /> • Hukum Publik<br /> • Hukum Tata Negara<br /> • Hukum Administrasi Negara<br /> • Hukum Pidana<br /> • Hukum Internasional<br /> • Hukum Privat<br /> • Hukum Perdata<br /> • Hukum Dagang<br /> • Hukum Perorangan<br /> • Hukum Keluarga<br /> • Hukum Harta Kekayaan<br /> • Hukum Waris <br /> e. Cara mempertahankannya <br /> - Hukum Formil <br /> - Hukum Materiil <br /> f. Waktu berlakunya <br /> - Ius Constitutum (Hukum Positif) <br /> - Ius Constituendum (Hukum yang dicita-citakan)<br /> - Lex Naturalis (Hukum Alam) <br /> g. Bentuknya <br /> - Hukum Tertulis<br /> - Hukum Tidak Tertulis <br /> a. Macam-Macam Peradilan<br /> Menurut pasal 24 ayat (2) UUD 1945 <br /> - Peradilan Umum <br /> - Mahkamah Agung<br /> - Pengadilan Tinggi<br /> - Pengadilan Negeri <br /> b. Peradilan Agama<br /> c. Peradilan Militer <br /> d. Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara<br /> e. Mahkamah Konstitusi <br /> 4. Sikap patuh terhadap hukum dalam kehidupan sehari-hari (silahkan isi sendiri)<br /> a. Lingkungan Keluarga<br /> -<br /> -<br /> b. Lingkungan Sekolah<br /> -<br /> -<br /> c. Lingkungan Masyarakat<br /> -<br /> -<br /> d. Lingkungan Negara<br /> -<br /> -<br /> C. Menerapkan norma-norma, kebisaan, adat istiadat dan peraturan yang berlaku dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara<br /> <br /> 1. Pentingnya penerapan norma, kebiasaan, adat istiadat dan peraturan <br /> - Untuk mengendalikan tingkah laku manusia, agar tidak sewenang-wenang <br /> - Agar tercipta suasana masyarakat yang aman, tentram, tertib, damai dan sejahtera<br /> 2. Akibat pelanggaran norma, kebiasaan, adat istiadat dan peraturan<br /> - Akan terjadi kekacauan (anarkhi) <br /> - Tidak tentram, tidak tertib <br /> 3. Sikap patuh terhadap norma, kebiasaan, adat istiadat dan peraturan<br /> -<br /> -<br /> BAB II<br /> PROKLAMASI KEMERDEKAAN DAN KONSTITUSI PERTAMA<br /> A. Makna Proklamasi Kemerdekaan<br /> 1. Makna Proklamasi Kemerdekaan<br /> Pernyataan bangsa Indonesia kepada diri sendiri maupun kepada dunia luar bahwa bangsa Indonesia telah merdeka dan tindakan-tindakan yang harus segera dilakukan berkaitan dengan pernyataan kemerdekaan itu<br /> Makna lainnya :<br /> - Proklamasi berarti pembebasan bangsa<br /> - Proklamasi berarti pembangunan bangsa<br /> - Proklamasi sebagai jembatan emas<br /> - Proklamasi sebagai titik kulminasi (puncak) perjuangan bangsa <br /> 2. Ciri-ciri perjuangan bangsa Indonesia<br /> • Sebelum 1908<br /> - bersifat kedaerahan (local)<br /> - menggunakan cara kekerasan bersenjata (fisik)<br /> - sangat tergantum kepada pemimpin<br /> - persenjataan tidak seimbang<br /> - belum ada rasa persatuan dan kesatuan<br /> - ampuhnya politik devide et impera<br /> • Sesudah 1908<br /> - perjuangan melalui organisasi social dan budaya (taktik politik)<br /> - perjuangan tidak tergantung pada pemimpin<br /> - perjuangan bersifat nasional <br /> 3. Bentuk penderitaan yang dialami Bangsa Indonesia pada masa penjajahan<br /> - sistem kerja rodi (kerja paksa)<br /> mengakibatkan kesengsaraan bagi rakyat<br /> - sistem tanam paksa (cultur steksel)<br /> mengakibatkan penderitaan bagi para petani<br /> - sistem monopoli perdagangan<br /> mengakibatkan kerugian bagi pedagang dan petani<br /> - sistem politik ‘devide et impera’<br /> politik adu domba, pecah belah mengakibatkan penderitaan rakyat <br /> <br /> 4. Faktor-faktor yang menjadi pemicu rakyat Indonesia memperjuangkan kemerdekaan<br /> - persamaan nasib (sejarah) dan cita-cita<br /> - persamaan bangsa, bahasa dan tumpah darah (sumpah pemuda)<br /> - rasa nasionalisme dan patriotisme<br /> 5. Pewarisan semangat proklamasi kemerdekaan <br /> - Penting ? Konstitusi —–Constitutio (Latin), Constituir (Perancis),<br /> - Membentuk, menyusun suatu Negara <br /> - Peraturan dasar mengenai pembentukkan suatu Negara – Grondwet (Belanda), grundgesetz (Jerman), Constitution (Inggris) <br /> - UUD <br /> - Segala ketentuan dan aturan tentang ketatanegaraan, UUD suatu Negara<br /> <br /> B. Suasana kebatinan Konstitusi Pertama<br /> 1. Peristiwa Rengasdengklok <br /> - 6 & 9 Agustus 1945 Amerika Serikat membom Hirosima dan Nagasaki <br /> - 14 Agustus 1945 Jepang menyerah kepada sekutu <br /> - Pejuang Golongan Muda : Sukarni, Adam Malik, Kusnaeni, Syahrir, Soedarsono, Soepomo, Chaerul, BM Diah, Bakri, Sayuti Melik, Iwa Kusuma Sumantri, Wikana, Yusuf Kunto <br /> - 15 Agustus 1945 Golongan muda membawa golongan tua ; Ir Soekarno dan Drs Moh Hatta ke Rengasdengklok <br /> - 16 Agustus 1945 ; Mr Achmad Soebarjo menjemput Ir Soekarno dan Drs Moh Hatta <br /> - Malam ; Rapat di Rumah Laksamana Maeda (Jl Imam Bonjol 1 Jkt) <br /> - 17 Agustus 1945 ; Proklamasi Kemerdekaan RI <br /> - Di Rumah Ir Soekarno <br /> - Jl Pegangsaan Timur No 56 <br /> - Hari Jumat Pukul 10.00 WIB pagi<br /> 2. Peristiwa Perumusan Naskah Proklamasi <br /> - Rapat di rumah Laksamana Maeda <br /> - Dihadiri oleh golongan muda dan golongan tua (15 orang) <br /> - Makna Proklamasi bagi bangsa Indonesia <br /> 3. Suasana Sidang BPUPKI dan PPKI <br /> - Sidang I (29 Mei – 1 Juni 1945) Dasar Negara<br /> <br /> Konsep Dasar Negara :<br /> Mr Moh Yamin (29 Mei 1945)<br /> Konsep pidato : <br /> 1) Peri Kebangsaan <br /> 2) Peri Kemanusiaan <br /> 3) Peri Ketuhanan <br /> 4) Peri Kerakyatan <br /> 5) Kesejahteraan Rakyat<br /> Konsep tertulis : <br /> 1) Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa <br /> 2) Kebangsaan, persatuan Indonesia <br /> 3) Rasa kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab <br /> 4) Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permuyawaratan/perwakilan <br /> 5) Keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia <br /> Mr Soepomo (31 Mei 1945)</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">ü</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><br /> Konsepnya :<br /> Paham atau ide Negara Integralistik, yaitu “negara hendaknya tidak menyatu dengan bagian yang terbesar dari rakyat, juga dengan kelompok ekonomi terkuat, melainkan harus mengatasi semua golongan dan kelompok dan semua individu”<br /> Ir Soekarno (1 Juni 1945)</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">ü</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><br /> Konsepnya : dinamakan Pancasila <br /> 1) Kebangsaan Indonesia <br /> 2) Internasinalisme atau peri kemanusiaan <br /> 3) Mufakat atau Demokratis <br /> 4) Kesejahteraan social <br /> 5) Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa <br /> - Sidang II (10 – 17 Juli 1945) <br /> - UUD 1945 <br /> - 22 Juni 1945 : Piagam Jakarta —– Panitia Sembilan <br /> - 7 Agustus 1945 : BPUPKI —–PPKI <br /> 4. Keputusan Sidang PPKI 18 Agustus 1945 <br /> 1) Menetapkan UUD 1945 <br /> 2) Memilih Ir Soekarno dan Drs Moh Hatta sebagai Presiden dan Wapres <br /> 3) Pembentukan KNIP (untuk membantu Presiden, sementara)<br /> <br /> A. Hubungan Proklamasi Kemerdekaan dengan UUD 1945<br /> Proklamasi kemerdekaan mempunyai hubungan yang erat , tidak dapat dipisahkan dan merupakan satu kesatuan yang bulat dengan UUD 1945, terutama dengan Pembukaan UUD 1945. Apa yang terkandung dalam pembukaan UUD 1945 merupakan amanat yang luhur dan suci dari Proklamasi Kemerdekaan 17 Agustus 1945.</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><br /> Alinea pertama Proklamasi dijabarkan dalam alinea kesatu, kedua dan ketiga Pembukaan UUD 1945</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><br /> Alinea kedua Proklamasi dijabarkan dalam alinea keempat Pembukaan UUD 1945, yaiitu amanat pembentukan Negara RI berdasarkan Pancasila.</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> Bentuk Negara Indonesia —— Kesatuan<br /> Bentuk pemerintahan ———– Republik Sistem pemerintahan ———— Presidensil <br /> Tujuan Negara : <br /> • Melindungi segenap bangsa Indonesia dan seluruh tumpah darah Indonesia <br /> • Memajukan kesejahteraan umum <br /> • Mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa <br /> • Ikut serta melaksanakan ketertiban dunia yang berdasarkan kemerdekaan, perdamaian abadi <br /> • keadilan social <br /> • Palsafah Negara ——————- Pancasila<br /> B. Sikap positif terhadap makna Proklamasi kemerdekaan dan konstitusi pertama<br /> - Mengisi kemerdekaan <br /> - Mempertahankan kemerdekaan<br /> 1. Sikap positif terhadap Proklamasi Kemerdekaan <br /> Menghargai jasa-jasa para pahlawan<br /> Membela kemerdekaan Indonesia<br /> Rela berkorban demi bangsa dan Negara<br /> Turut serta menjaga nama baik bangsa dan Negara<br /> Ikut berpartisifasi dalam pembangunan nasional dll <br /> 2. Sikap positif terhadap Konstitusi Pertama<br /> Mendukung keberadaan bentuk Negara Indonesia (kesatuan), bentuk pemerintahan Indonesia (Republik) dan sistem pemerintahan (presidensil)<br /> Menjunjung tinggi proses peradilan yang bebas dan tidak memihak<br /> Menjunjung tinggi hukum dan pemerintahan<br /> Mendukung dan menyukseskan terselenggaranya pemilu yang luber dan jurdil<br /> Menghargai budaya demokrasi dalam proses pergantian kepemimpinan nasional dll<o:p></o:p></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> </div> <div class="MsoNormal"> <br /></div>

RANGKUMAN PKn KELAS 7

RANGKUMAN MATERI PKN Kelas 7 Semester 1 BAB I NORMA DALAM KEHIDUPAN A. Hakikat norma, kebiasaan, adat istiadat dan peraturan yang ber...

Read more »

RANGKUMAN PKn KELAS 8

<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">RANGKUMAN KELAS 8</span></b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">BAB I</span></b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">PANCASILA SEBAGAI DASAR NEGARA DAN  IDEOLOGI NEGARA</span></b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -28.4pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">A.  Hakekat Pancasila sebagai Dasar Negara dan Ideologi Negara</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  1. Perlunya Ideologi bagi suatu Negara</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengertian Ideologi</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1). Dilihat dari segi bahasa</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ideologi berasal dari kata idea dan logos,</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">idea artinya ide, cita-cita, gagasan </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">sedangkan logos artinya ilmu/Pengetahuan. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Jadi ideologi adalah ilmu tentang ide, cita-cita dan gagasan</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2). Dilihat dari segi istilah</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ideologi diartikan:</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">-. Ilmutentang pemikiran manusia yang mampu menunjukkan jalan yang benar menuju masa depan (C.D De Tracy)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">-. Gagasan yang tersusun secara sistematis yang diyakini kebenarannya oleh manusia dan hendak diwujudkan dalam dunia nyata.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">-. Pandangan hidup yang dikembangkan berdasarkan kepentingan golongan atau kelas sosial tertentu dalam bidang politik atau sosial ekonomi. (Karl Marx) </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ideologi negara : Tujuan/cita-cita negara</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dasar Negara    : Dasar/landasan/pedoman dalam mengatur penyelenggaran negara</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pentingnya Ideologi bagi suatu Negara</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1). membangkitkan kesadaran akan kemerdekaan, </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2). memberikan arahan mengenai dunia beserta isinya, </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3). menanamkan semangat dalam  perjuangan masyarakat untuk bergerak melawan penjajahan.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> Fungsi ideologi bagi suatu negara :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1). </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">membentuk identitas atau ciri kelompok atau bangsa</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2). </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> mempersatukan orang dari berbagai agama. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3). </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">mengatasi berbagai konflik atau ketegangan sosial</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> dll.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> 2. Latar Belakang Pancasila sebagai Dasar dan Ideologi Negara</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -7.1pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a. Sejarah Lahirnya  Pancasila sebagai Dasar dan Ideologi Negara</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">pada tanggal 29 Mei 1945 - 1 Juni 1945 BPUPKI bersidang membicarakan khusus mengenai rancangan dasar negara atau ideologi negara untuk Indonesia merdeka nanti. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Selesai sidang pertama, pada tanggal 1 Juni 1945 para anggota BPUPKI sepakat untuk membentuk sebuah panitia kecil yang tugasnya adalah menampung usul-usul yang masuk dan memeriksanya serta melaporkan kepada sidang pleno BPUPKI. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Panitia Kecil yang beranggotakan sembilan orang ini pada tanggal 22 juni 1945 berhasil merumuskan calon Mukadimah Hukum Dasar, yang kemudian lebih dikenal dengan sebutan “Piagam Jakarta”. Dimana di dalamnya rumusan dasar negara indonesia.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dalam sidang BPUPKI kedua, tanggal 10-16 juli 1945, salah satu hasil yang dicapai adalah mengesahkan Piagam Jakarta sebagai preambul Hukum Dasar. Pada tanggal 9 Agustus</span><span lang="ES" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> dibentuk Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI). sehari setelah proklamasi kemerdekaan PPKI mengadakan sidang, dengan acara utama (1) mengesahkan rancangan Hukum Dasar dengan preambul nya dan (2) memilih Presiden dan Wakil Presiden.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b. Keunggulan  Dasar dan Ideologi Negara Pancasila </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1). </span><span lang="ES" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">mengakui adanya Tuhan. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2). </span><span lang="ES" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">menghargai setiap manusia</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3). </span><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">mengutamakan persatuan seluruh bangsa Indonesia. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4). </span><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">menganut paham demokrasi</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5). </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">mengupayakan agar terjadi keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perbandingan Dasar dan ideologi Pancasila dengan ideologi lain</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div align="center"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 149.25pt;" valign="top" width="199"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">LIBERALISME</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 149.3pt;" valign="top" width="199"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">SOSIALISME</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 149.3pt;" valign="top" width="199"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">PANCASILA</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 149.25pt;" valign="top" width="199"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1. Sistem kepercayaannya SEKULER</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2. HAM dan kebebasan warganegara dijunjung tinggi</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3. Pengambilan keputusan dengan cara VOTING</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 149.3pt;" valign="top" width="199"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1. Sistem kepercayaannya ATHEISME</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2. HAM warganegara diabaikan dan lebih mementingkan kekuasaan dan kepentingan negara</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3. Pengambilan keputusan di tangan pimpinan partai </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 149.3pt;" valign="top" width="199"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1. Sistem kepercayaannya MONOTHISME</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2. HAM dijinjung tinggi tanpa melupakan kewajiban</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3. Pengambilan keputusan berdasarkan Musyawarah Mufakat</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">B. Nilai-Nilai Pancasila sebagai Dasar dan Ideologi Negara</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.   Pilihan Ideologi</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dalam hubungan itu mengapa Indonesia tidak mengambil dasar dan ideologi lainnya yang sudah dianggap mapan di luar negeri, </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a. Mengambil ideologi lain yang sudah dianggap mapan, merupakan suatu percobaan</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> yang belum tentu cocok diterapkan di negara kita karena berbeda kondisinya dilihat dari historis, kepribadian, sistem masyarakat dan lain-lain. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b. Kehidupan masyarakat suatu bangsa merupakan keunikan. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c. Dari sekian ideologi yang telah dan pernah ada telah tampak kekurangan-kekurangannya </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">C. Sikap Positif terhadap Pancasila dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">l.Karakteristik Dasar dan Ideologi Negara Pancasila</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span lang="ES" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pertama : Tuhan Yang Maha Esa</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span lang="ES" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kedua ialah penghargaan kepada sesama umat manusia apapun suku bangsa dan bahasanya</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span lang="ES" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ketiga, bangsa Indonesia menjunjung tinggi persatuan bangsa</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span lang="ES" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Keempat  adalah bahwa kehidupan kita dalam kemasyarakatan dan bernegara berdasarkan atas sistem demokrasi</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kelima  adalah Keadilan Sosial bagi hidup bersama. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Arti</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> Pentingnya Pancasila dalam Mempertahankan Negara Kesatuan RI</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sebagai dasar Negara dan ideologi Negara, Pancasila mempunyai fungsi sebagai acuan bersama, baik dalam memecahkan perbedaan serta pertentangan politik di antara golongan dan kekuatan politik yang ada. Ini berarti bahwa segenap komponen dan kekuatan yang ada di republik ini sepakat untuk menjaga, memelihara, dan mempertahankan Negara Kesatuan RI dengan bingkai Pancasila.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Selain itu secara nyata telah sering diakui adanya upaya-upaya untuk memecah belah Negara Kesatuan RI, misalnya lewat pemberontakan Madiun 1948 maupun pengkhianatan G 30 S/PKI tahun 1965. Namun kesemuanya itu dapat digagalkan berkat komitmen segenap komponen bangsa Indonesia untuk tetap mempertahankan keutuhan Negara Kesatuan RI dengan landasan dasar dan ideologi nasional Pancasila. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3.Upaya Mempertahankan Dasar Negara dan Ideologi Negara Pancasila </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> melaksanakan sila-sila Pancasila dalam kehidupan bernegara. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b. </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">melaksanakan Pancasila dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c. </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">melalui bidang pendidikan. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> <b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">BAB II</span></b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> <b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">KONSTITUSI YANG PERNAH BERLAKU DI INDONESIA</span></b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.5pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Konstitusi memiliki arti Hukum Dasar. </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Konstitusi terdiri atas dua bentuk :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Konstitusi Tertulis yaitu UUD</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Konstitusi tidak tertulis yaitu aturan-aturan dasar yang timbul dan terpelihara dalam praktek penyelenggaraan negara meskipun tidak tertulis, disebut konvensi.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.5pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sejarah</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> UUD yang pernah berlaku di Indonesia</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD 1945, periode 18 Agustus 1945 – 27 Desember 1949</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Konstitusi RIS, periode 27 Desember 1949 – 17 Agustus 1950</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD Sementara 1950, periode 17 Agustus 1950 – 5 Juli 1959</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD 1945, periode 5 Juli 1959 – sekarang</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.05pt;"> <span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Periode 5 Juli 1959 – 1965 (orde lama)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.05pt;"> <span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Periode 1965 – 1999 (orde baru)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.05pt;"> <span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Periode 1999 – sekarang</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.5pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> 1945</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ditetapkan oleh PPKI tanggal 18 Agustus 1945</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistematika terdiri atas :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">    </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pembukaan, terdiri 4 alinea</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">   </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Batang Tubuh, terdiri atas 16 bab 37 pasal, 4 pasal aturan peralihan, dan 2 ayat aturan tambahan)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">    </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Penjelasan UUD 1945, yang disusun oleh MR Soepomo.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sifat UUD 1945 , yaitu :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">    </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Singkat, yaitu memuat atuarn-aturan pokok saja, sebagai unstruksi dalam penyelenggaraan negara.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">   </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Supel, artinya aturan yang pokok saja sesuai dengan negara Indonesia yang berkembanga, terus dinamis dan mengalami perubahan, sehingga tidak ketinggalan zaman.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">   </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD 1945 bersifat sementara, ditegaskan dalam  pasal 3  dan ayat 2 aturan tambahan UUD 1945.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">   </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hubungan Proklamasi Kemerdekaan dengan Pembukaan UUD 1945 adalah pembukaan UUD 1945 merupakan uraian terperinci dari Proklamasi Kemerdekaan.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">f.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  Pembukaan UUD 1945 memuat pokok-pokok pikiran yang diwujudkan oleh UUD 1945 dalam pasal-pasalnya</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">g.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">    </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Batang tubuh (pasal-pasal) memuat tentang :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Materi pengaturan sistem pemerintahan negara</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Materi hubungan negara dengan warga negara dan penduduk</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">h.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">   </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> Pemerintahan Indonesia :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Indonesia ialah negara yang berdasar atas hukum (Rechtsstaat)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem konstitusional</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kekuasaan negara yang tertinggi  ditangan MPR</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Presiden ialah penyelenggara pemerintah negara yang tertinggi di bawah majelis</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Presiden tidak bertanggung jawab kepada DPR</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">f.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menteri negara ialah pembantu, menteri negara tidak bertanggung jawab kepada DPR</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">g.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kekuasaan kepala negara tidak tak terbatas</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">i.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Lembaga negara menurut UUD 1945 adalah MPR, DPR, Presiden, MA, BPK, DPA.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">j.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Penyimpangan terhadap UUD 1945 </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">    </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Periode 1945 – 1949 :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -21.25pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Berlaku demokrasi liberal</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -21.25pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Maklumat Pemerintah tanggal 14 November 1945 merubah sistem Presidential menjadi Parlementer.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">    </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Periode 5 Juli 1959 – 1965 (orde lama) :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.05pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengangkatan Presiden Soekarno sebagai presiden seumur hidup</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.05pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Presiden membubarkan  DPR hasil pemilu 1955 dan diganti dngan  DPR Gotong Royong yang anggotanya diangkat oleh Presiden</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.05pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ketua MPR merangkat Menteri dibawah Presiden</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">    </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Period 1965 – 1999 (orde baru)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi yang bersifat semu</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Terjadi KKN dalam pemerintahan</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">k.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dekrit Presiden 5 Juli 1959 dikeluarkan dengan pertimbangan negara dalam keadaan darurat, karena kegagalan konstituante menyusun UUD.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">l.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Alasan perubahan UUD 1945</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tuntutan reformasi</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Penafsiran UUD 1945 sesuai kepentingan politik</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">m.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perubahan secara adendum, artinya menambah pasal perubahan tanpa menghilangkan pasal sebelumnya. Tujuan perubahan bersifat adendum agar untuk kepentingan bukti sejarah.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">n.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD 1945 setelah perubahan terdiri atas :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pembukaan </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pasal-Pasal, terdiri atas 21 Bab, 73 pasal, 3 pasal aturan peralihan, 2 pasal aturan tambahan</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -15.3pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">o.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perubahan</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> UUD 1945 yaitu :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perubahan Pertama, ditetapkan tanggal 19 Oktober 1999, mencakup 9 pasal yaitu pasal 5, 7, 9, 13, 14, 15, 17, 20, dan 21.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perubahan Kedua, ditetapkan tanggal 18 Agustus 2000 , mencakup 4 bab dan 25 pasal yaitu pasal 18, 18A 19, 20 ayat 5, 20A, 22A, 22B,Bab IX A, 25E,  Bab X, 26 ayat 2 dan 3, 27 ayat 3, Bab XA 28A, 28B, 28D, 28E, 28F, 28G, 28H, 28I, 28J, 30,bab XV , 36A,36B, dan 36C. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perubahan Ketiga, ditetapkan tanggal 9 November 2001, mencakup 3 bab dan 22 pasal yaitu pasal 1 ayat 2 dan 3; 3 ayat1, 3, dan 4; 6 ayat 1 dan 2; 6A ayat  1, 2,3, 5; 7A ; 7B; 7C; 8 ayat 1, 2; 11 ayat 2, 3; 17 ayat 4; Bab VIIA, 22C, 22D, BAB VIIB; 22E; 23 ayat 1,2,3; 23A, 23C; Bab VIIIA, 23E, 23F; 23G, 24A, 24B;24C.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perubahan Keempat, ditetapkan tanggal 10 Agustus 2002, mencakup 13 pasal yaitu pasal 2 ayat 1; 6A ayat 4; 8 ayat 3; 11 ayat 1; 16; 23B; 23D; 24 ayat 3; 31 ; 32 ; 33 ayat 4 , 5; 34; 37 ; aturan peralihan pasal I,II,III; aturan tambahan pasal I,II.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.5pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Konstitusi RIS</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Disusun berdasarkan hasil persetujuan KMB</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Konstitusi RIS bersifat sementara, karena pasal 108 Konstitusi RIS menghendaki dibuatnya UUD oleh Konstituante </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bentuk negara adalah serikat (federasi) dan bentuk pemerintahan republik</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menganut kedaulatan rakyat dan demokrasi liberal</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menganut sistem kabinet Parlementer</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">f.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD 1945 hanya berlaku di wilayah negara bagian Republik Indonesia</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">g.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Wilayah terbagi atas :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">negara bagian (RI, NIT, Pasundan, Jawa Timur, Madura, Sumetera Timur, Sumetra Selatan)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Satuan kenegaraan yang tegak sendiri (Jawa Tengah, bangka, Belitung, Riau, Kalbar, Banjar, Kaltim, KalTeng)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">h.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Lembaga negara terdiri atas Presiden, Menteri, Senat, DPR, MA, dan Dewan Pengawas Keuangan.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">i.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Akibat berlaku Konstitusi RIS :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bentuk negara serikat tidak sesuai dengan keinginan bangsa Indonsia</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem demikrasi liberal mengakibatkan kehidupan politik kurang stabil</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem kabinet parlementer mengakibatkan kabinet silih berganti dalam waktu cepat, pembangunan terhambat, dan kehidupan politik kurang stabil.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.5pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD Sementara 1950</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Termuat dalam UU No 7 Tahun 1950</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bentuk negara kesatuan dan bentuk pemerintahan republik</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menganut kedaulatan rakyat dan demokrasi liberal</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menganut sistem kabinet Parlementer</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD S 1950 bersifat sementara, karena mnghendaki dibuat UUD oleh Konstituante</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">f.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Lembaga negara terdiri atas Presiden dan Wakil Presiden, Menteri (Kabinet), DPR, MA, dan Dewan Pengawas Keuangan.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">g.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pemilu pertama dilaksanakan tahun 1955 :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">§</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Memilih anggota DPR, tanggal 29 September 1955</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -10.9pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">§</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Memilih anggota Kontituante, tanggal 15 Desember 1955</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">h.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Akibat berlaku UUD Semnetara 1950 :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem demikrasi liberal mengakibatkan kehidupan politik kurang stabil</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem kabinet parlementer mengakibatkan kabinet silih berganti dalam waktu cepat, pembangunan terhambat, dan kehidupan politik kurang stabil.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"> <br /></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">BAB III</span></b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN NASIONAL</span></b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Norma hukum bersifat mengikat dan memaksa, sedangkan norma lain (agama, susila, kesopanan) tidak dapat dipaksakan. </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hukum bertujuan menciptakan keamanan dan keadilan. Hukum berisi perintah, larangan, dan sanksi.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hukum dapat dibagi atas ;</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peraturan tertulis, yaitu peraturan yang ditulis resmi oleh lembaga berwewenang. Cohtoh UUD, Tap MPR, UU, Keppres, dll.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peraturan tidak tertulis, yaitu peraturan yang tidak tertulis, tetapi hidup dan terpelihara dalam masyarakat dan diakui sebagai peraturan. Contoh Konvensi yaitu aturan dasar yang timbul dan terpelihara dalam praktek penyelenggaraan negara meskipun tidak tertulis. Seperti pidato Presiden tanggal 16 Agustus.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Negara hukum (rechtstaats) yaitu negara dimana pemerintahannya berdasarkan hukum. Prinsip/Azas negara hukum :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengakuan dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peradilan yang bebas dan tidak memihak</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tidak ada diskriminasi hukum (kepastian hukum)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Prinsip</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">-Prinsip Hukum Umum :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peraturan yang lebih tinggi menjadi dasar hukum bagi peraturan  yang lebih rendah</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peraturan yang lebih rendah tidak boleh bertentangan dengan peraturan yang lebih tinggi</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Apabila peraturan yang lebih rendah bertentangan dengan peraturan yang lebih tinggi, maka peraturan yang lebih rendah tidak berlaku (batal demi hukum)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peraturan yang bersifat khusus mengabaikan peraturan yang bersifat umum</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Landasan</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> pembinaan negara hukum adalah :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pembukaan UUD 1945 alinea IV</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pasal 27 ayat 1, persamaan dan kewajiban menjunjung hukum dan pemerintahan</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pasal 1 ayat 3, negara Indonesia adalah negara berdasar atas hukum</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">6.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perkembangan</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> perubahan tata urutan peraturan perundangan di Indonesia :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div align="center"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; width: 540px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.0pt;" valign="top" width="168"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">TAP No XX/MPRS/1966</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">TAP No III/MPR/2000</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 144.0pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UU No 10 Tahun 2004</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 126.0pt;" valign="top" width="168"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD 1945</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tap MPR</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UU/Perpu</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">PP</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Keppres</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">6.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peraturan Lainnya</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD 1945</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tap MPR</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UU</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perpu</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">PP</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">6.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Keppres</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">7.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perda</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> <td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 144.0pt;" valign="top" width="192"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD 1945</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UU/Perpu</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">PP</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perpres</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perda</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">7.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">     </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tata Urutan Peraturan Perundangan Indonesia ditegaskan dalam UU No 10 tahun 2004  :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UUD 1945</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ditetapkan tanggal 18 Agustus </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1945 oleh PPKI</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span lang="NL" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: NL; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: NL; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="NL" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: NL; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">MPR berwewenang mengubah dan menetapkan UUD (pasal 3 ayat 1 UUD 1945)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pembukaan UUD 1945 tidak dapat diubah karena memuat kaedah fundamental seperti tujuan, dasar, cita-cita negara.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bentuk negara kesatuan republik (pasal 1 ayat 1) tidak dapat diubah (pasal 37 ayat 5)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.2pt;"> <span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistematika terdiri atas :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 73.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">·</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pembukaan </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 73.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">·</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pasal-Pasal ( 21 Bab, 73 Pasal, 140 ayat, 3 Pasal Aturan Peralihan, 2 Pasal aturan Tambahan)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Undang-Undang /Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti UU (Perpu)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 53.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">DPR memegang kekuasaan membentuk UU (pasal 20 ayat 1)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 53.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Setiap RUU harus mendapat persetujuan bersama DPR dan Presiden (pasal 20 ayat 2)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 53.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="DE" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dalam hal ihkwal kegentingan memaksa Presiden mengeluarkan perpu (pasal 22 ayat 1)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 53.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="DE" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perpu harus disetujui DPR dalam sidang berikutnya, jika disetujui menjadi UU sedangkan jika tidak disetujui harus dicabut (pasal 22 ayat 2 dan 3)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peraturan</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> Pemerintah (PP)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 53.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Presiden menetapkan PP untuk melaksanakan UU (pasal 5 ayat 2)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peraturan</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> Presiden (Perpres)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 53.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perpres ditetapkan oleh Presiden untuk melakanakan UUD 1945, UU, atau Perpu untuk keperluan tertentu.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peraturan</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> Daerah</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 53.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ø</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">  </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perda ditetapkan oleh Pemerintahan Daerah yaitu Kepala Daerah dan DPRD (pasal 18 ayat 6)</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">8.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Proses </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">pembuatan</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> Undang-Undang :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">DPR, DPD, atau Presiden berhak mengajukan RUU</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pembahasan RUU oleh DPR bersama Presiden yang terdiri atas 2 tingkat :</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 59.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span lang="DE" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">·</span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tingkat I                   : dilaksnakan dalan Rapat Komisi, Rapat Badan Legislasi, Rapat Panitia Anggaran, atau Rapat Panitia Khusus</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 59.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">·</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tingkat II                  : Pengambilan keputusan dalan rapat paripurna DPR</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">RUU disetujui bersama Presiden dan DPR</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengesahan RUU oleh Presiden</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; tab-stops: list 46.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengundangan UU dalam Lembaran Negara oleh Sekretariat Negara</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.0pt;"> <span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">9.</span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span lang="PT-BR" style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Manfaat mematuhi hukum di sekolah yaitu menciptakan suasana belajar mengajar yang aman dan tertib.</span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><br /> RANGKUMAN MATERI PKn</span></b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.5pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kelas 8 Semester 2</span></b><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">BAB IV</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">DEMOKRASI PANCASILA</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">A.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hakikat Demokrasi</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengertian Demokrasi</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kata demokrasi berasal dari bahasa Yunani, demos yang berarti <i>rakyat</i> dan kratein/kratos yang berarti <i>memerintah</i>/<i>pemerintahan</i>.  Jadi demokrasi berarti pemerintahan rakyat, yaitu  pemerintahan dari  rakyat, oleh rakyat, dan untuk rakyat.  Menurut Abraham Lincoln (Mantan Presiden AS) : <i>Democracy is the government from the people, by the people and for the people. </i>Sedangkan menurut Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) : </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">          </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi adalah bentuk pemerintahan dimana segenap rakyat turut serta memerintah dengan perantaraan wakilnya (partisifasi)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">          </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi adalah gagasan atau pandangan hidup yang mengutamakan persamaan hak dan kewajiban, kebebasan serta perlakuan yang sama bagi semua warga negara</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sejarah Perkembangan Demokrasi</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem demokrasi yang terdapat di negara-kota (city state)· Yunani Kuno (abad ke-6 ) merupakan demokrasi langsung (direct democracy) yaitu suatu bentuk pemerintahan di mana hak untuk membuat keputusan-keputusan politik dijalankan secara langsung oleh seluruh warga negara yang bertindak berdasarkan prosedur mayoritas. Sifat langsung dari demokrasi Yunani dapat diselenggarakan secara efektif karena berlangsung dalam kondisi yang sederhana, wilayahnya terbatas (negara terdiri dari kota dan daerah sekitarnya) serta jumlah penduduk sedikit (300.000 penduduk dalam satu negara-kota). Lagipula, ketentuan-ketentuan demokrasi hanya berlaku untuk warga negara yang resmi, yang hanya merupakan bagian kecil saja dari penduduk.  Untuk mayoritas yang terdiri dari budak belian dan pedagang asing demokrasi tidak berlaku. Dalam negara modern demokrasi tidak lagi bersifat langsung, tetapi bersifat demokrasi berdasarkan perwakilan (representative democracy).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Selanjutnya, di Eropa selama berabad-abad sistem pemerintahan sebagian besar adalah Monarchi Absolut. Awal timbulnya demokrasi  ditandai dengan munculnya Magna Charta (Piagam Besar) (1215) di Inggris. Magna Charta merupakan semacam kontrak  antara beberapa bangsawan dan Raja John dari Inggris di mana untuk pertama kali seorang raja yang berkuasa mengikatkan diri untuk mengakui dan menjamin beberapa hak dan privileges dari bawahannya sebagai imbalan untuk penyerahan dana bagi keperluan perang dan sebagainya. Biarpun piagam ini lahir dalam suasana feodal dan tidak berlaku untuk rakyat jelata, namun dianggap sebagai tonggak dalam perkembangan gagasan demokrasi.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sesudah berakhirnya Abad Pertengahan antara 1500-1700 lahirlah negara-negara Monarcchi. Raja-raja absolut menganggap dirinya berhak atas takhtanya berdasarkan konsep ”Hak Suci Raja” (Divine Right of Kings). Raja-raja yang terkenal di  Spanyol ialah Isabella dan Ferdinand (1479- 1516). di Prancis  raja-raja Bourbon dan sebagainya. Kecaman-kecaman dilontarkan terhadap gagasan absolutisme mendapat dukungan kuat dari golongan menengah (middle class) yang mulai berpengaruh berkat majunya kedudukan ekonomi serta mutu pendidikan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> Pendobrakan terhadap kedudukan raja-raja absolut ini didasar  suatu teori rasionalistis, yang umumnya dikenal sebagai social-contract (kontrak sosiaI). Salah satu azas dari gagasan kontral sosial ialah bahwa dunia dikuasai oleh hukum yang timbul (nature) yang mengandung prinsip-prinsip keadilan yang universal: artinya berlaku untuk semua waktu serta semua manusia, apakah dia raja, bangsawan atau rakyat jelata. Hukum ini dinamakan Natural Law (Hukum Alam, ius  naturale). Unsur universalisme inilah yang diterapkan pada masalah-masalah politik. Teori kontrak sosial beranggapan bahwa hubungan antara raja dan rakyat didasari oleh suatu kontrak yang ketentuan-ketentuannya mengikat kedua belah fihak. Kontrak sosial menentukan di satu fihak bahwa raja diberi kekuasaan oleh rakyat untuk menyelenggarakan penertiban dan menciptakan suasana di mana rakyat dapat menikmati hak-hak alamnya (natural rights) dengan aman. Di pihak lain rakyat akan mentaati pemerintahan raja asal  hak-hak alam itu terjamin.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pada hakekatnya teori-teori kontrak sosial merupakan usaha untuk mendobrak dasar dari pemerintahan absolut dan menetapkan hak-hak politik rakyat. Filsuf-filsuf yang mencetuskan gagasan . ini antara lain John Locke dari Inggris (I632-1704) da Montesquieu dari Perancis (1689-) 755). Menurut John Locke:  <i>hak-hak politik mencakup hak atas hidup, atas kebebasan dan hak untuk memiliki (life, liberty and property</i>). Montesquieu mencoba menyusun suatu sistem yang dapat menjamin hak-hak politik itu, yang kemudian dikenal dengan istilah <i>Trias Politica : Eksekutif, Legislatif dan Yudicatif</i></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sebagai akibat dari pergolakan yang tersebut di atas tadi maka pada akhir abad ke-19 gagasan mengenai demokrasi mendapat wujud yang konkrit sebagai program dan sistem politik. Demokrasi pada tahap ini semata-mata bersifat politis dan mendasarkan dirinya atas azas-azas kemerdekaan individu, kesamaan hak (equal rights) serta hak pilih untuk semua warganegara (universal suffrage)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dalam abad ke-19 dan permulaan abad ke-20 lahirlah gagasan mengenai demokrasi konstitusional.  AhIi ­hukum Eropa Barat Kontinental seperti Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) dan Friedrich Julius Stahl memakai istilah Rechtsstaat, sedangkan ahli Anglo Saxon seperti A.V. Dicey memakai istilah Rule of Law. Oleh Stahl disebut empat Unsur­ Rechtsstaat (negara demokrasi yang berdasarkan hukum) dalam arti klasik, yaitu:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)     Adanya perlindungan hak-hak manusia</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)     Adanya pemisahan atau pembagian kekuasaan untuk menjamin hak- hak itu</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)     Pemerintah berdasarkan peraturan-peraturan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)     Peradilan administrasi dalam perselisihan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Macam-Macam Demokrasi</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Beberapa macam demokrasi yang berkembang di dunia, antara lain:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)     Demokrasi Parlementer</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Di dalam sistem parlementer, kekuasaan legislatif terletak di atas kekuasaan eksekutif. Oleh karena itu, menteri-menteri kabinet harus mempertanggungjawabkan semua tindakannya kepada Dewan/DPR/Senat. Pemerintah setiap saat dapat dijatuhkan oleh Dewan/DPR/Senat dengan mosi tidak percaya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)     Demokrasi Liberal</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dalam sistem liberal, kekuasaan eksekutif, legislatif, dan yudikatif dipisahkan (sparate of power ). Kepala negara/presiden langsung dipilih oleh rakyat (contoh Amerika Serikat). Dalam demokrasi liberal pemerintah dipegang oleh partai yang menang dalam pemilihan umum, sedangkan partai yang kalah menjadi pihak oposisi.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)  Demokrasi  Sosialis</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi ini terdapat dalam negara-negara komunis yang totaliter. Lembaga-lembaga demokrasi pada umumnya tidak berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya karena kekuasaan ada di tangan sekelompok kecil pimpinan partai komunis. Mereka ini yang memegang dan mempergunakan kekuasaan menurut ideologi totaliter komunis: Dalam demokrasi rakyat, pada dasarnya rakyat tidak memperoleh hak yang lazimnya di dapat dalam sistem demokrasi lainnya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)  Demokrasi  Terpimpin</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi yang dikendalikan oleh seorang pemimpin/Presiden. Pemimpin yang kuat akan mengendalikan semua kekuatan  politik, sehingga keberadaan negara akan terjamin. Dalam demokrasi terpimpin , kehendak Presiden sebagai pemimpin itulah yang berlaku. Presiden  mendominasi kehidupan politik, peran partai politik sangat terbatas, Parlemen (MPRS dan DPR-GR) lemah.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5)  Demokrasi Pancasila</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi Pancasila adalah demokrasi yang berdasarkan Pancasila dan UUD 1945. Dalam Demokrasi Pancasila sangat diharapkan adanya musyawarah untuk mufakat. Akan tetapi, bila tidak tercapai mufakat, pengambilan keputusan dapat ditempuh melalui pemungutan suara terbanyak  (Pasal 2, Ayat (3), UUD 1945). Dalam demokrasi Pancasila tidak mengenal dominasi mayoritas ataupun tirani minoritas. Domiinasi mayoritas adalah kelompok besar yang menguasai segala segi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara dengan mengabaikan kelompok yang kecil. Tirani minoritas adalah kelompok kecil yang menguasai segala segi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara dengan mengabaikan kelompok besar.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Keunggulan demokrasi Pancasila dibanding dengan demokrasi lainnya sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adanyaa penghargaan terhadap hak asasi manusia dan hak-hak minoritas tidak akan diabaikan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mendahulukan kepentingan rakyat, dalam hal ini hak rakyat diakui dan dihargai.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengutamakan musyawarah untuk mufakat, dan baru kemudaian menggunakan suara terbanyak</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kebenaran dan keadilan selalu dijunjung tinggi.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengutamakan kejujuran dan iktikad baik.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi yang pernah berlaku di Indonesia:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">          </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi Parlementer (1945-1959)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">          </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi Terpimpin (1959-1965) ; orde lama</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">          </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi  Pancasila (1965-1998) ; orde baru</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">          </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi Pancasila (1998 – sekarang) ; orde Reformasi</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sedangkan dilihat dari pelaksanaannya  dikenal ada dua macam demokrasi, yaitu demokrasi langsung dan demokrasi tidak langsung (perwakilan).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi langsung, adalah suatu sistem demokrasi yang melibatkan seluruh rakyatnya dalam membicarakan atau menentukan segala unsur negara secara langsung. Demokrasi langsung pernah dipraktikan pada zaman Yunani kuno; yaitu beberapa negara kota (Polis) di Athena. Demokrasi yang pertama di dunia ini mampu melaksanakan demokrasi langsung dengan suatu majelis yang mungkin terdiri dari 5000 sampai 6000 orang dan berkumpul di satu tempat untuk melaksanakan demokrasi langsung.       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi tidak langsung atau perwakilan, adalah suatu sisitem demokrasi yang dalam menyalurkan aspirasinya, rakyat memilih wakil-wakil untuk duduk dalam suatu lembaga parlemen atau lembaga perwakilan rakyat. Lembaga ini dipilih dari rakyat, oleh rakyat dan untuk rakyat, karena itu dalam demokrasi tidak langsung semua rakyat turut serta dalam membicarakan dan menetapkan kebijakan tentang persoalan-persoalan negara.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Prinsip-Prinsip Demokrasi</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Negara/pemerintahan yang demokrasi memiliki dua asas pokok, yaitu:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengakuan akan hakekat dan martabat manusia, misalnya perlindungan dari pemerintah terhadap  hak asasi manusia demi kepentingan bersama;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengakuan peran serta rakyat dalam pemerintahan, misalnya hak rakyat memilih wakil-wakil rakyat secara langsung, umum, bebas dan rahasia serta dilaksanakan secara jujur dan adil.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sedangkan ciri kehidupan masyarakat yang demokratis di bawah Rule of Law menurut Miriam Budiardjo (1986) adalah:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">adanya perlindungan konstitusional, dengan pengertian, bahwa konstitusi, selain menjamin hak-hak individu, harus menentukan pula cara prosedural untuk mempereh perlindungan atas perlindungan at as hak-hak yang dijamin,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">adanya kehakiman yang bebas dan tidak memihak</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">adanya pemililihan umum yang bebas,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">adanya kebebasan untuk menyatakan pendapat,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">adanya kebebasan berserikat/berorganisasi dan beroposisi, dan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">f)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">adanyan pendidikan kewarganegaraan (civic  education).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pandangan lain dikemukakan oleh Lyman Tower Sargent (1987:29), bahwa unsur-unsur kunci demokrasi adalah:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Keterlibatan rakyat dalam pengambilan keputusan politik,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tingkat persamaan hak di antara warga negara,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tingkat kebebasan dan kemerdekaan yang diberikan pada atau dipertahankan dan h warga negara,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem perwakilan, dan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem pemilihan dan ketentuan mayoritas.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Lalu bagaimana ciri negara yang demokratis? Sebuah negara demokratis selain harus mengembangkan ciri-ciri atau prinsip di atas; negara demokratis harus memiliki ciri-ciri:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adanya pandangan, bahwa warga negara (rakyat) harus dilibatkan dalam pengambilan keputusan politik, baik secara langsung maupun melalui perwakilan. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adanya persamaan hak. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adanya kebebasan dan kemerdekaan yang diberikan atau dipertahankan dan dimiliki oleh warga negara. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adanya sistem perwakilan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adanya sistem pemilihan umum. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Prinsip-prinsip  dasar demokrasi Pancasila, yaitu :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pemerintah berdasarkan konstitusi</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pemilu yang bebas, jujur dan adil</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hak Asasi Manusia dijamin</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Persamaan kedudukan di depan hukum</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peradilan yang bebas dan tidak memihak</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">f)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kebebasan berserikat/berorganisasi dan mengeluarkan pendapat</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">g)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kebebasan pers/media massa</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Landasan Hukum Demokrasi Pancasila</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Secara yuridis pelaksanaan demokrasi di Indonesia merupakan implementasi sistem pemerintahan berdasarkan UUD 1945 terutama dalam rangka penerapan konsep <i>”kedaulatan berada di tangan rakyat.”</i>  Oleh karena itu yang menjadi landasan pokok pelaksanaan Demokrasi di Indonesia adalah:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pancasila, sila Ke-4</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">“<b>Kerakyatan</b> yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan /perwakilan</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">”</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pembukaan UUD 1945</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Alinea keempat yang menyatakan bahwa; <i>” .... maka disusunlah kemerdekaaan kebangsaan indonesia itu dalam suatu Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Indonesia yang terbentuk dalam suatu susunan Negara Republik Indonesia yang <b>berkedaulatan rakyat</b> dengan berdasar kepada Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa, Kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab, Persatuan Indonesia dan Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan/ perwakilan, serta dengan mewujudkan suatu keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia.”</i></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pasal 1 ayat (2) UUD 1945</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">”<b>Kedaulatan</b> berada di tangan rakyat dan dilaksanakan menurut Undang-Undang Dasar”.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Landasan lainnya adalah :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">          </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pasal 28 UUD 1945</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">”Kemerdekaan berserikat dan berkumpul, mengeluarkan pikiran dengan lisan dan tulisan dan sebagainya ditetapkan dengan Undang-Undang.”</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">          </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pasal 28E UUD 1945 ayat 3</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">”Setiap orang berhak atas kebebasan berserikat, berkumpul dan mengeluarkan pendapat”.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">B.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">         </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pentingnya Kehidupan Demokratis</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pentingnya Kehidupan yang Demokratis</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Untuk mewujudkan Demokrasi Pancasila kita terlebih dahulu harus memahami nilai-nilai demokrasi. Nilai-nilai demokrasi yang perlu dikembangankan dalam suatu masyarakat yang demokratis menurut Henry B. Mayo (dalam Miriam Budiardjo; 1986:62-63) adalah  sebagai berikut;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menyelesaikan perselisihan dengan damai dan secara melembaga. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menjamin terselenggaranya perubahan secara damai dalam suatu masyarakat yang sedang berubah. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menyelenggarakan pergantian pimpinan secara teratur. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Membatasi pemakaian kekerasan sampai minimum. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengakui serta menganggap wajar adanya keanekaragaman.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -17.85pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">6)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">      </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menjamin tegaknya keadilan. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi dalam Kehidupan Politik</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Oleh karena Demokrasi Pancasila merupakan demokrasi tidak langsung atau demokrasi perwakilan maka kebijakan  dijalankan oleh para wakil rakyat dalam menetapkan berbagai kebijakan pemerintahan dalam bentuk peraturan perundangan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dalam melakukan tugasnya, para wakil rakyat harus mampu memikirkan, memperhatikan, dan mempertimbangkan anekaragam kepentingan rakyat agar keputusan-keputusan yang diambilnya benar-benar mencerminkan aspirasi seluruh lapisan masyarakat dan benar-benar bermanfaat bagi kesejahteraan bersama.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tentu tidak hanya wakil rakyat yang harus menjalankan kebijaksanaan dalam melaksanakan tugasnya. Semua penyelenggara negara (para penegak hukum, presiden, wakil presiden, para menteri, para anggota DPR, para anggota BPK, dan seluruh aparat pemerintahan lain, baik di pusat maupun di daerah) wajib menjalankan atau menunaikan tugasnya dengan penuh hikmat kebijaksanaan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi dalam kehidupan politik dapat dilakukan dan diterapkan dalam kegiatan Pemilihan Umum (Pemilu). Hal ini dikarenakan Pemilu :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Wujud pelaksanaan demokrasi</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Wujud pelaksanaan kedaulatan rakyat</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Wujud pelaksanaan hak politik warga</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Partisipasi rakyat terhadap kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pemilihan kepemimpinan yang wajar, demokratis dan aman</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menjamin keberlangsungan kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sarana mewujudkan cita-cita bangsa dan tujuan nasional </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Demokrasi dalam Kehidupan Ekonomi </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pancasila dan UUD 1945 menggariskan dua prinsip pokok demokrasi ekonomi. Prinsip itu adalah sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perekonomian disusun sebagai usaha bersama atas dasar semangat kekeluargaan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Segala hal yang menguasai hajat hidup orang banyak harus dikuasai oleh negara untuk dipergunakan bagi sebesar-besarnya kemakmuran rakyat</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dua prinsip pokok ini menunjukkan bahwa kemakmuran seluruh rakyat harus menjadi tujuan utama pelaksanaan Demokrasi Pancasila dalam bidang ekonomi Oleh karena itu, tidak diperbolehkan seorang pun menguasai bidang-bidang ekonomi yang menguasai hajat (kepentingan) orang banyak. Perlulah digariskan pemerataan kesempatan-kesempatan ekonomi dan kesejahteraan bagi setiap warga bangsa ini. Itu semua hanya bisa dicapai apabila semua pihak menggunakannya  sebagai pedoman dalam bersikap maupun berkiprah dalam perekonomian bangsa dan  negara Indonesia.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">C.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">         </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sikap Positif Terhadap Pelaksanaan Demokrasi</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Nilai Lebih Budaya Demokrasi</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, Demokrasi Pancasila menggariskan penting ”hikmat kebijaksanaan" sebagai penuntun hubungan  antar manusia Indonesia dengan bangsa lain.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dengan demikian, bukan hanya wakil rakyat atau pejabat/aparat pemerintah yang dituntut untuk selalu mengunakan hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam mengurus kepentingan bersama. Seluruh bangsa Indonessia baik anak dan orang tua dalam keluarga, warga dan pengurus RT dan RW, murid, guru, kepala sekolah dan warga sekolah lainnya di sekolah, maupun kemasyarakatan, partai politik, instansi pemerintah, perusahaan, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, untuk dituntut melakukannya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bagaimana kita mampu selalu bertindak bijaksana dalam berbagai aspek Demokrasi Pancasila? Syarat utama agar kita mampu bertindak bijaksana adalah meyakini prinsip bahwa pada hakikatnya setiap orang memiliki harkat dan martabatnya yang sama. Dengan prinsip itu, kita dapat memberikan perlakuan dan penghormatan yang sama bagi setiap orang. Oleh karena prinsip persamaan kedudukan haruslah dijunjung tinggi. ­</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dengan memegang teguh prinsip tersebut, kita menjadi lebih mampu untuk mengendalikan diri agar tidak bertindak, bersikap maupun bertutur kata secara tidak bijaksana. Kita pun akan mampu untuk lebih bertenggang rasa dengan orang lain.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kebijaksanaan hendaknya dijunjung tinggi baik dalam hubungan sosial antar warga masyarakat, dan dalam penyelenggarakan kehidupan politik, maupun ekonomi negara. Dalam penyelenggaraan kehidupan politik, apabila tidak ada kebijaksanaan dalam pelaksanaannya, maka kehidupan politik akan kacau. Semua orang akan menghalalkan segala cara untuk men­dapatkan dan menggunakan kekuasaan yang ada.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Begitu pula dalam bidang ekonomi. Akan terjadi korupsi, penyalahgunaan wewenang dan tindak kejahatan ekonomi lain pun akan bermunculan bila tidak ada kebijaksanaan yang melingkupinya. Prinsip kebijaksanaan sangat penting dalam pengelolaan hidup berbangsa dan bernegara. Kebijaksanaan menjaga keutuhan bangsa dan mewujudkan kesejahteraan bersama.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kebijaksanaan itu hendaknya dilandasi oleh sikap menghormati persamaan harkat dan martabat sesamanya dan tenggang rasa dengan orang lain.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dengan mengakui persamaan kedudukan orang lain, kita akan selalu memikirkan, mempertimbangkan, dan memperhatikan kepentingan orang lain pada saat menangani masalah bersama. Bahkan dalam menjalani hidup pribadipun, kita terdorong untuk melakukan hal yang sama.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Contoh Sikap Demokrasi dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Untuk melaksanakan Demokrasi Pancasila dalam kehidupan sehari-hari kita hendaknya mengamalkan sila Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan/perwakilan. Adapun bentuk-bentuk pengamalan yang dapat kita lakukan antara lain sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sebagai warga negara dan warga masyarakat, kita hendaknya menyadari setiap manusia Indonesia mempunyai kedudukan, hak dan kewajiban yang sama.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kita hendaknya tidak boleh memaksakan kehendak kepada orang lain.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kita hendaknya mengutamakan musyawarah dalam mengambil keputusan untuk kepentingan bersama .</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kita hendaknya menyadari bahwa musyawarah untuk mencapai mufakat diliputi oleh semangat kekeluargaan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kita hendaknya menghormati dan menjunjung tinggi setiap keputusan yang dicapai sebagai hasil musyawarah.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">6)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kita hendaknya dengan itikad baik dan rasa tanggung jawab menerima dan melaksanakan hasil musyawarah.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">7)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kita hendaknya menyadari bahwa di dalam musyawarah diutamakan kepentingan bersama di atas kepentingan pribadi atau golongan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">8)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kita hendaknya menyadari bahwa musyawarah dilakukan dengan akal sehat dan sesuai dengan hati nurani yang luhur.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">9)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Keputusan yang diambil harus dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara moral kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, menjunjung tinggi harkat dan martabat manusia, nilai-nilai kebenaran dan keadilan, mengutamakan persatuan dan kesatuan demi kepentingan bersama.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">BAB V</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">KEDAULATAN</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">A.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Makna Kedaulatan Rakyat</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">         </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengertian Kedaulatan</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kedaulatan berasal dari kata "daulat" daulat dalam bahasa Arab artinya "kekuasaan atau dinasti pemerintahan". Dan masih ada arti kedaulatan dalam bahasa-bahasa yang lainnya misalnnya ;  Istilah dari bahasa Inggris (SOUVERIGNITY), Perancis   (SOUVERAINETE),  Italia    (SOVRANSI), Latin (SUPERAMUS)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Makna dari istilah-istilah di atas kesemuanya memiliki arti "tertinggi". Jadi kedaulatan berarti <i>kekuasaan tertinggi atau kekuasaan yang tidak terletak di bawah kekuasaan lain  atau kekuasaan yang tertinggi yang ada dalam suatu Negara.</i></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pada dasarnya, kedaulatan mempunyai empat sifat, antara lain :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">    </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Permanen</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">, artinya kedaulatan itu bersifat tetap dan akan ada selama suatu negara masih berdiri</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">    </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Asli</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">, artinya kedaulatan itu tidak berasal dari kekuasaan lain yang lebih tinggi</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">    </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bulat</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">, artinya tidak dapat dibagi-bagi, merupakan satu-satunya kekuasaan yang tertinggi dalam negara</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">    </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tidak Terbatas</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">, artinya kedaulatan itu tidak dibatasi oleh siapapun.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">         </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengertian Kedaulatan Rakyat</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kedaulatan rakyat berati bahwa kekuasaan tertinggi dalam suatu negara terletak ditangan rakyat. Rakyatlah yang berkuasa, mengatur dan menentukan berlangsungnya  kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Sebagaimana diatur dalam pasal 1 ayat (2) UUD 1945 : <i>”Kedaulatan berada ditangan rakyat dan dilaksanakan menurut Undang-Undang Dasar”</i></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Di negara-negara demokrasi masa kini, kekuasaan tertinggi ada di tangan rakyat. Artinya rakyat memiliki kekuasaan menentukan bagaimana suatu negara di kelola. Tetapi dalam perwujudannya rakyat memberikan mandat kepada orang-orang yang dipilihnya melalui pemilihan umum.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">         </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengertian Kedaulatan Keluar dan Kedalam</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menurut Jean Bodin (1500 - 1590), Ada dua jenis kedaulatan yaitu:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kedaulatan ke dalam (intern), </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">yaitu kekuasaan tertinggi di dalam negara untuk mengatur dan menjalankan organisasi negara sesuai dengan peraturan perundangan yang berlaku di negara tersebut, dan rakyat harus patuh dan tunduk dengan apa yang digariskan pemerintah. Pemerintah berhak mengatur segala kepentingan rakyat melalui berbagai lembaga negara dan perangkat lainnya, tanpa campur tangan negara lain.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kedaulatan ke luar (ekstern),</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> yaitu kekuasaan tertinggi di dalam negara untuk mengadakan hubungan dengan negara lain serta mempertahankan wilayah dari berbagai ancaman dari luar. Negara berhak mengadakan hubungan atau kerjasama dengan negara lain guna kepentingan nasionalnya.,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">         </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Macam-macam Teori Kedaulatan</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Terdapat beberapa teori kedaulatan yang dikemukakan oleh para ahli kenegaraan, antara lain sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1) Teori Kedaulatan Tuhan</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Teori kedaulatan Tuhan mengajarkan <i>bahwa negara dan pemerintah mendapat kekuasaan yang tertinggi dari Tuhan.</i> Menurut teori ini, sesungguhnya segala sesuatu yang terdapat di alam semesta berasal dari Tuhan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kedaulatan dalam suatu negara yang dilaksanakan oleh pemerintah negara juga berasal dari Tuhan. Negara dan pemerintahan mendapat kekuasaan dari Tuhan karena tokoh-tokoh negara itu, secara kodrati telah ditetapkan menjadi pemimpin negara. Mereka berperan sebagai wakil Tuhan. Raja misalnya, bertugas memimpin rakyatnya untuk mencapai suatu cita-cita. Oleh karena itu, kepemimpinan dan kekuasaan harus berpusat di tangan raja.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Teori kedaulatan Tuhan umumnya dianut oleh raja-raja yang mengakui sebagai keturunan dewa. Misalnya, raja-raja Mesir kuno, Kaisar Jepang, dan Kaisar Cina. Raja-raja di Jawa pada zaman Hindu, juga menganggap dirinya sebagai penjelmaan dewa Wisnu. Pelopor¬pelopor teori kedaulatan Tuhan, antara lain adalah Augustinus, Thomas Aquino, dan Friedrich Julius Stahl.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2) Teori kedaulatan Raja</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menurut teori ini<i>, kekuasaan tertinggi  terletak di tangan raja</i> sebagai penjelmaan kehendak Tuhan. Raja merupakan bayangan dari Tuhan. Agar negara kuat, raja  harus berkuasa mutlak dan tidak terbatas. Dalam teori kedaulatan raja, posisi raja selalu berada di atas undang-undang.  Rakyat harus rela menyerahkan hak asasinya dan kekuasaannya secara mutlak kepada raja.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Peletak dasar teori kedaulatan raja, antara lain Nicollo Machiavelli, Jean Bodin,  Thomas Hobbes, dan Hegel. Nicollo Machiavelli mengajarkan, bahwa negara yang kuat haruslah dipimpin oleh seorang raja yang memiliki kedaulatan tidak terbatas atau mutlak. Dengan demikian, raja dapat melaksanakan cita-cita negara sepenuhnya. Raja hanya bertanggung jawab kepada  dirinya sendiri atau kepada Tuhan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Raja tidak tunduk kepada konstitusi, walaupun disahkan oleh dirinya sendiri. Raja juga tidak bertanggung jawab kepada hukum moral yang bersumber dari Tuhan, karena raja melaksanakan kewajibannya untuk rakyat atas nama Tuhan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3) Teori kedaulatan rakyat</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Teori kedaulatan rakyat, yaitu teori yang mengatakan bahwa <i>kekuasaan tertinggi suatu negara berada di tangan rakyat,</i> sebab yang benar-benar berdaulat dalam suatu negara adalah rakyat.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sumber ajaran kedaulatan rakyat ialah ajaran demokrasi yang telah dirintis sejak jaman Yunani oleh Solon. Istilah demokrasi berasal dari kata Yunani, demos (rakyat) dan kratein (memerintah) atau kratos (pemerintah). Jadi, demokrasi mengandung pengertian pemerintahan rakyat, yaitu pemerintahan dari rakyat, oleh rakyat, dan untuk,rakyat.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Rakyat merupakan suatu kesatuan yang dibentuk oleh individu-individu melalui perjanjian masyarakat. Rakyat sebagai pemegang kekuasaan tertinggi memberikan haknya kepada penguasa untuk kepentingan bersama. Penguasa dipilih dan ditentukan atas dasar kehendak rakyat melalui perwakilan yang duduk di dalam pemerintahan. Pemerintah yang berkuasa harus mengembalikan hak-hak sipil kepada warganya."</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pelopor teori kedaulatan rakyat</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">J.J. Rousseau, berpendapat ,bahwa negara dibentuk oleh kemauan rakyat secara  sukarela.  Kemauan rakyat untuk membentuk negara itu disebut kontrak sosial. Rousseau juga berpendapat bahwa negara yang terbentuk melalui perjanjian masyarakat harus menjamin kebebasan dan persamaan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Montesquieu, beranggapan bahwa kehidupan bernegara dapat teratur dengan baik, sebaiknya kekuasaan dibagi tiga, yaitu legislatif, eksekutif, dan yudikatif. Ajarannya dikenal dengan istilah Trias Politika</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">John Locke, berpendapat bahwa manusia mempunyai hak pokok, yaitu hak hidup, hak kemerdekaan, dan hak milik.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Selain itu, John Locke juga mengajarkan asas-asas terbentuknya negara adalah sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pactum unionis, yakni perjanjian antar individu untuk membentuk negara;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pactum subjectionis, yaitu perjanjian antara individu dengan negara yang dibentuk itu. Artinya, individu memberikan mandat kepada negara atau pemerintah selama pemerintah berdasarkan konstitusi atau undang-undang negara.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dalam negara yang menganut teori kedaulatan rakyat terdapat ciri-ciri sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adanya lembaga perwakilan rakyat atau dewan perwakilan rakyat sebagai badan atau majelis yang mewakili dan mencerminkan kehendak rakyat,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Untuk mengangkat dan menetapkan anggota majelis tersebut, pemilihan dilaksanakan untuk jangka waktu tertentu. Rakyat yang telah dewasa secara bebas dan rahasia memilih wakil atau partai yang disenangi atau dipercayai.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kekuasaan atau kedaulatan rakyat dilaksanakan oleh badan perwakilan rakyat, yang bertugas mengawasi pemerintah.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Susunan kekuasaan badan atau majelis itu ditetapkan dalam undang-undang negara.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4) Teori kedaulatan negara</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menurut teori kedaulatan negara, <i>kekuasaan tertinggi terletak pada negara</i>. Sumber atau asal  kekuasaan yang dinamakan kedaulatan itu ialah negara. Negara sebagai lembaga tertinggi kehidupan suatu bangsa, dengan sendirinya memiliki kekuasaan. Jadi, kekuasaan negara ialah kedaulatan negara yang timbul bersamaan dengan berdirinya negara.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Teori kedaulatan negara yang bersifat absolut dan mutlak ini berdasarkan pandangan bahwa negara adalah penjelmaan Tuhan. Hegel mengajarkan bahwa negara dianggap suci karena . sesungguhnya negara adalah penjelmaan kehendak Tuhan. Negara mewarisi kekuasaan yang bersumber dari Tuhan. Berdasarkan teori kedaulatan negara, pemerintah adalah pelaksana tunggal kekuasaan negara. Teari ini dianggap sebagai sebuah ajaran yang paling absolut sejak zaman Plato hingga Hitler-Stalin.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Negaralah yang menciptakan hukum dan negara tidak wajib tunduk pada hukum. Namun karena negara abstrak, kekuasaan diserahkan kepada raja atas nama negara. Peletak dasar teori kedaulatan negara, antara lain Paul Laban, George Jellinek, dan Hegel.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5) Teori kedaulatan hukum</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Teori kedaulatan hukum, yaitu paham yang tidak disetujui oleh paham kedaulatan negara. Menurut teori kedaulatan hukum, <i>kekuasaan tertinggi dalam negara terletak pada hukum</i>. Hal ini berarti, <i>bahwa yang berdaulat adalah lembaga atau orang yang berwenang mengeluarkan perintah atau larangan yang mengikat semua warga negara</i>. Lembaga yang dimaksud adalah pemerintah dalam arti luas. Di Indonesia, lembaga itu adalah presiden bersama para menteri sebagai pembantunya dan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR). Di Inggris, lembaga itu adalah raja bersama parlemen.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Berdasarkan pemikiran teori ini, hukum membimbing kekuasaan pemerintahan. Yang dimaksud dengan hukum menurut teori ini ialah hukum yang tertulis (undang-undang dasar negara dan peraturan perundangan lainnya) dan hukum yang tidak tertulis (convensi). Pelopor teori kedaulatan hukum, antara lain Immanuel Kant, H. Krable, dan Leon Dubuit.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">         </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kedaulatan yang dianut Bangsa Indonesia dan Dasar Hukumnya</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kalau kita  lihat dari kelima teori kedaulatan diatas, maka kedaulatan yang dianut oleh Bangsa Indonesia adalah :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;"> <i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">         </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Teori Kedaulatan Rakyat, yaitu bahwa rakyatlah sebagai pemegang kekuasaan tertinggi di Indonesia, hal ini sesuai dengan pasal 1 ayat (2) UUD 1945 : <i>”Kedaulatan berada ditangan rakyat dan dilaksanakan menurut Undang-Undang Dasar”</i></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.25pt;"> <i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">         </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Teori Kedaulatan Hukum, yaitu bahwa hukumlah sebagai pemegang kekuasaan tertinggi di Indonesia, artinya bahwa semua warga negara sama kedudukannya didalam hukum, hal ini sesuai deangan pasal 27 ayat (1) UUD 1945 : <i>“segala warga negara bersamaan kedudukannya didalam hukum dan pemerintahan dan wajib menjunjung hukum dan pemerintahan itu dengan tidak ada kecualinya.”</i></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">B.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">         </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem Pemerintahan Indonesia</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pengertian Sistem Pemerintahan</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Macam-Macam Sistem Pemerintahan</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Ada dua jenis sistem pemerintahan yang terkenal dalam ilmu negara, yakni sistem parlementer dan sistem presidensiil.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem Parlementer</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Perdana menteri merupakan kepala pemerintahan, presiden hanya sebagai kepala negara. Kepala negara dapat juga berupa raja, kaisar yang memperoleh hak waris secara turun-temurun. Pemegang kekuasaan eksekutif dalam negara adalah perdana menteri. Perdana menteri bertanggung jawab kepada parlemen yang merupakan lembaga perwakilan rakyat dan dapat dijatuhkan oleh parlemen melalui mosi tidak percaya. Negara yang menganut sistem ini di antaranya Inggris, India, Pakistan, Ukraina, dan Jepang.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem Presidensiil</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pada sistem presidensiil, kepala negara dan kepala pemerintah pegang oleh presiden. Ini berarti presiden memegang kekuasaan eksekutif dalam negara. Menteri¬menteri negara diangkat dan ditunjuk oleh presiden, sehingga mereka bertanggung jawab kepada presiden. Presiden menjalankan fungsi eksekutif dan bertanggung jawab kepada lembaga perwakilan rakyat yang merupakan lembaga legislatif. Presiden tidak bisa dijatuhkan oleh lembaga legislatif tetapi juga tidak bisa membubarkan lembaga legislatif. Negara yang menganut sistem ini di antaranya Amerika Serikat, Filipina, dan Indonesia.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dalam pemerintahan sislem parlementer, hubungan antara badan legislatif dengan badan eksekulif sangat erat. Keanggotaan badan legislatif dipilih oleh rakyat melalui pemilihan umum. Adapun badan eksekutif atau kabinet yang dipimpin oleh seorang perdana menteri dipilih berdasarkan dukungan suara terbanyak dari badan legislatif (dewan perwakilan rakyat).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kabinet yang menjalankan tugas-tugas pemerintahan bertanggung jawab kepada Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat. Oleh karena itu, kedudukan kabinet sangat bergantung kepada Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat. Apabila kabinet dapat mempertanggungjawabkan tindakannya kepada Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, tidak akan terjadi sesuatu hal. Namun, jika badan perwakilan rakyat tidak dapat menerima pertanggungjawaban kabinet, maka kemungkinannya dewan peewakilan rakyat akan menjatuhkan kabinet dengan mosi tidak percaya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Karena sangat bergantung kepada badan perwakilan rakyat, posisi pemerintahan dengan sistem parlementee sangat labil. Apalagi kalau persaingan memperebutkan kursi di badan legislatif sangat tinggi. Hal ini biasanya terjadi apabila terdapat jumlah partai yang banyak dalam memperebutkan suara mayoritas di lembaga legislatif. dan kabinet terbentuk berdasarkan koalisi beberapa partai.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem parlementer pernah diterapkan di Indonesia dari tahun 1945 sampai dengan tahun 1959 yang membawa akibat sering terjadinya pergantian kabinet. Sistem ini masih dianut sampai sekarang terutama di negara-negara Belanda, Belgia, dan Perancis.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Berbeda dengan sistem parlementer, dalam sistem presidensiil hubungan antara badan legislatif dan badan eksekutif bersifat fungsional. Artinya, badan yang satu tidak bergantung pada yang lainnya. Badan eksekutif terpisah dari badan legislatif atau parlemen. Sistem ini merupakan aplikasi dari teori pemisahan kekuasaan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Teori ini merupakan pikiran John Locke yang kemudian dikembangkan oleh Montesquieu. Menurut John Locke. kekuasaan negara terpisah antara kekuasaan <i>legislatif, eksekutif, dan federatif</i>. Dalam hal ini badan legislatif memiliki kekuasaan untuk membentuk undang-undang. Kekuasaan federatif meliputi kekuasaan yang tidak termasuk kekuasaan legislatif dan eksekutif, seperti mengadakan kerja sama dan aliansi dengan negara lain di luar negeri.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sama seperti John Locke, Mostesquieu membagi kekuasaan negara secara terpisah atas tiga jenis. yakni kekuasaan <i>legislatif, eksekutif. dan yudikatif</i>. Bedanya dengan John Locke, Montesquieu menegaskan bahwa kekuasaan yudikatif adalah mengawasi dan mengambil tindakan apabila eksekutif yang bertugas melaksanakan undang-undang terbukti menyimpang dari undang-undang yang digariskan. Pemisahaan kekuasaan seperti tersebut di atas masih diterapkan seperti di Amerika Serikat, itupun tidak semurni ajaran Montesquieu. Di negara ini, kekuasaan legislatif dipegang oleh Kongres, kekuasaan eksekutif dipegang oleh Presiden, dan kekuasaan yudikalif dijalankan oleh Mahkamah Agung. Masing-masing badan berdiri sendiri. Kekuasaannya sudah dibatasi sehingga keseimbangan kekuasaan saan antara ketiga badan tadi dapat diwujudkan. Ketiga badan itupun memiliki kedudukan yang sederajat sehingga mereka bisa saling mengawasi. Prinsip inilah yang dinamakan pengawasan dan keseimbangan dalam pemerintahan Amerika Serikat.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem Pemerintahan RI menurut UUD 1945 Amandemen</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dilihat dari teori kenegaraan pemerintahan Indonesia menganut sistem presidensiil. Hal ini didasarkan pasa 17 UUD 1945 yang berbunyi:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Presiden dibantu oleh menteri-menteri negara</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menteri-menteri itu diangkat dan diberhentikan oleh Presiden</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Setiap menteri membidangi urusan tertentu dalam pemerintahan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pembentukan, pengubahan dan pembubaran kementrian negara daiatur dalam undang-undang</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adapun beberapa kunci pokok sistem pemerintahan negara Indonesia menurut UUD 1945 adalah sebagai berikut.:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Indonesia adalah negara yang berdasarkan atas hukum (rechtsstaat).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hal ini menunjukan bahwa negara Indonesia berdasarkan atas hukum (rechtsstaat), bukan berdasarkan atas kekuasaan belaka (machtsstaat). .</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sistem konstitusional . .</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pemerintahan negara berdasarkan atas konstitusi (hukum dasar), tidak bersifat absolutisme (kekuasaan yang tidak terbatas). .</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kekuasaan negara yang tertinggi berada di tangan rakyat dan dilaksanakan menurut UUD.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Presiden ialah penyelenggara pemerintahan negara</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Presiden tidak bertanggung jawab kepada Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Presiden harus mendapat persetujuan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat untuk membentuk undang¬undang (UU) dan menetapkan Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Negara (APBN). Oleh karena itu, presiden harus bekerja bersama-sama dengan dewan, tetapi presiden tidak bertanggung jawab kepada dewan, artinya kedudukan presiden tergantung pada dewan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">f)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menteri negara ialah pembantu presiden, menteri negara tidak bertanggung jawab kepada Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Presiden mengangkat dan memberhentikan menteri. Menteri ini tidak bertanggung jawab kepada Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat dan kedudukannya tidak tergantung kepada dewan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">g)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kekuasaan kepala negara tak terbatas</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Meskipun kepala negara tidak bertanggung jawab kepada Dewan perwakilan Rakyat, ia bukan "diktator", artinya kekuasaan tidak terbatas. Ini berarti kekuasaan kepala Negara di batasi oleh undang-undang.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pembagian kekuasaan menurut Montesquieu</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Montesquieu adalah seorang ahli politik dan filsafat bangsa Perancis yang mengajarkan asas-asas teori kedaulatan rakyat. Ia menguraikan bahwa negara melaksanakan kekuasaan atau kedaulatan atas nama seluruh rakyat. Montesquieu dikenal dengan gagasan <b><i>Trias Politika. </i></b>Yaitu bahwa untuk menjamin agar kekuasaan tidak terpusat dan kepentingan rakyat tidak diabaikan, maka kekuasaan negara harus di pisah kedalam tiga lembaga, yaitu :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kekuasaan Legislatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">, yaitu kekuasaan untuk membuat dan menerapkan undang-undang</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kekuasaan Eksekutif</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">, yaitu kekuasaan untuk melaksanakan undang-undang</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kekuasaan Yudikatif</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">, yaitu kekuasaan untuk mengawasi pelaksanaan undang-undang oleh badan-badan peradilan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tugas Lembaga Pelaksana Kedaulatan Rakyat</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dalam alam demokrasi, segala pendapat atau perbedaari mengenai masalah kewarganegaraan dan lain-lain yang menyangkut kehidupan negara dan masyarakat diselesaikan melalui lembaga-Iembaga negara. Artinya lembaga-Iembaga yang erat hubungannya dengan penyelesaian masalah yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat melalui wakil-wakil rakyat yang duduk di lembaga negara, seperti DPR dan DPRD. Cara seperti .ini akan melahirkan kebiasaan menyelesaikan perselisihan dengan tertib dan teratur. Selain itu rakyat harus diikutsertakan dalam diskusi-diskusi dan bertukar pikiran baik melalui media elektronika maupun media cetak. Dengan demikian apa yang dikehendaki rakyat akan mudah diketahui.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Di negara kita, lembaga-Iembaga yang memiliki tugas pokok menyalurkan kehendak (aspirasi) rakyat adalah Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR), Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR), Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) dan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1) Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR) merupakan pemegang pelaksana kedaulatan rakyat tertinggi sebagai penyalur, pengutara, dan penjelma seluruh rakyat yang memegang kedaulatan negara. Oleh karena itu, segala putusan MPR harus dapat mencerminkari suara hati nurani seluruh masyarakat.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kedudukan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat adalah sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Majelis sebagai penjelmaan seluruh rakyat Indonesia adalah pemegang kekuasaan negara tertinggi dan pelaksana dari kedaulatan rakyat. .</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat terdiri  atas anggota-anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, ditambah dengan utusari-utusan dari daerah-daerah dan golongan-golongan, menurut aturan yang ditetapkan dengan undang-undang.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adapun tugas dan kewajiban MPR sesuai dengan pasal (3) UUD 1945 adalah:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Berwenang mengubah dan menetapkan Undang-Undang Dasar</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Melantik Presiden dan/atau Wakil Presiden</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Memberhentikan Presiden dan/atau Wakil Presiden dalam masa jabatannya menurut Undang-Undang Dasar</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2) Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) adalah sebuah lembaga tinggl negara yang berkedudukan sejajar dengan lembaga tinggi negara lainnya, yang berfungsi sebagai dewan legislatif dan rekan kerja pemerintah dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi jalannya roda pemerintahan. Kedudukan Dewan ini sangat kuat, sebab tidak bisa dibubarkan oleh presiden. Semua anggota DPR adalah anggota Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dewan ini berkewajiban mengawasi segala tindakan Presiden dalam rangka pelaksanaan haluan negara. Apabila DPR menganggap bahwa Presiden benar-benar melanggar haluan negara, DPR berhak menyampaikan memorandum untuk mengingatkan Presiden. Apabila dalam waktu tiga bulan Presiden tidak memperhatikan memorandum DPR itu, DPR mengajukan memorandum kedua. Lalu apabila dalam waktu satu bulan memorandum yang kedua tidak diindahkan oleh presiden, DPR dapat meminta MPR untuk mengadakan. Sidang Istimewa guna meminta pertanggungjawaban Presiden.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dalam hal ini pembentukan undang-undang, DPR memiliki. peranan yang sangat besar. Setiap rancangan undang-undang menghendaki persetujuan DPR. Apabila rancangan undang-undang yang diajukan pemerintah tidak dapat persetujuan DPR, maka rancangan itu tidak boleh diajukan lagi dalam persidangan DPR masa itu.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Apabila terjadi kepentingan yang memaksa, pemerintah berhak; menetapkan peraturan pemerintah pengganti undang-undang (Perppu) kemudian peraturan pemerintah ini juga haru mendapat persetujuan DPR. Oleh karena itu DPR sebagai lembaga perwakilan rakyat memiliki peran yang sangat besar sebagai penyalur aspirasi rakyat.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tugas dan wewenang Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia ialah sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bersama-sama dengan Presiden membentuk undang-undang (fungsi Legislasi)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bersama-sama dengan Presiden menetapkan APBN (fungsi Anggaran)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Melaksanakan pengawasan (fungsi Pengawasan) terhadap:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pelaksanaan undang-undang,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pelaksanaan APBN serta pengolahan keuangan negara,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kebijakan pemerintah sesuai dengan jiwa UUD 1945 dan TAP MPR RI.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Membahas hasil pemeriksaan atas pertanggungjawaban keuangan negara yang diberitahukan oleh Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan yang disampaikan Rapat Paripurna untuk dipergunakan sebagai bahan pengawasan. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Membahas untuk meratifikasi dan/atau memberikan persetujuan atas keadaan pernyataan . perang, serta pembuatan perdamaian dan perjanjian dengan negara lain yang dilakukan oleh presiden.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">f)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menampung dan menindaklanjuti aspirasi dan pengaduan masyarakat.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">g)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Melaksanakan hal-hal yang ditugaskan oleh TAP MPR RI dan/atau Undang-Undang kepada DPR RI.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Untuk menjalankan tugas dan wewenang tersebut di atas, DPR mempunyai hak-hak sebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hak interpelasi, yaitu hak untuk meminta keterangan kepada Presiden.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hak angket, yaitu hak untuk mengadakan penyelidikan terhadap sesuatu hal.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hak amandemen, yaitu hak untuk mengubah rancangan undang-undang yang diajukan Presiden.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hak petisi, yaitu hak untuk mengajukan usul, saran, dan anjuran kepada Presiden.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hak inisiatif, yaitu hak untuk mengajukan rancangan undang-undang.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">6)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hak budget, yaitu hak untuk mengesahkan rancangan Anggaran Pendapatsan Negara dan Belanja Negara (RAPBN) menjadi Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">7)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hak bertanya, yaitu hak untuk bertanya kepada pemerintah tentang sesuatu hal secara tertulis.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3) Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) merupakan badan legislatif di daerah. Badan ini mewakili seluruh rakyat di daerahnya. Sebagian besar anggota DPRD dipilih melalui pemilihan Umum.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">DPRD mempunyai tugas dan wewenangsebagai berikut.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Memilih gubernur/wakil gubernur, bupati/wakil bupati, dan walikota/wakil walikota.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengusulkan pengangkatan dan pemberhentian Gubernur, Bupati dan Walikota kepada Presiden.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bersama dengan Gubernur, Bupati, dan Walikota menetapkan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bersama dengan Gubernur, Bupati, dan Walikota membentuk peraturan daerah.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Melakukan pengawasan terhadap:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">pelaksanaan peraturan daerah dan peraturan perundang-undangan lain;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">pelaksanaan peraturan-peraturan dan' keputusan Gubernur, Bupati, dan Walikota;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">pelaksanaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah yang disesuaikan dengan poJa dasar pembangunan daerah;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">pelaksanaan kerjasama internasional di daerah.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">6)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Memberikan pendapat dan pertimbangan kepada pemerintah terhadap rencaha perjanjian internasional yang menyangkut kepentingan daerah;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">7)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menampung dan menindaklanjuti aspirasi masyarakat.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Untuk melaksanakan tugas dan wewenang terssebut, DPRD mempunyai hak untuk:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Meminta pertanggungjawaban Gubernur, Bupati, Walikota;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Meminta keterangan kepada pemerintah daerah; .</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengadakan penyelidikan;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengadakan perubahari atas rancangan peraturan daerah;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengajukan pernyataan pendapat;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">6)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengajukan rancangan peraturan daerah;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">7)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengajukan anggaran DPRD.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4) Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Keberadaan DPD sebagai lembaga negara diatur dalam UUD 1945 hasil Amandemen yakni pada pasal 22, yakni:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sesuai dengan Anggota DPD dipilih dari setiap provinsi melalui pemilu [Pasal 22C (1)***</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Anggota DPD dari setiap provinsi jumlahnya sama dan jumlah seluruh anggota DPD itu tidak lebih 1/3 jumlah anggota DPR [Pasal 22C (2)***]</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Anggota DPD dapat diberhentikan dari jabatannya, yang syarat-syarat dan tata caranya diatur dalamundang-undang[Pasal 22D (4)***]</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Tugas dn wewenang DPD adalah:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">DPD dapat mengajukan usul kepada DPR tentang Rancangan Undang-Undang yang berkaitan dengan otonomi daerah, hubungan pusat dan daerah, pembentukan, pemekaran dan penggabungan daerah, pengelolaan sumber daya alam dan sumber daya ekonomi lainnya, serta yang berkaitan dengan pertimbangan keuangan pusat dan daerah, serta berkaitan dengan perimbangan keuangan pusat dan daerah.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">DPD mengusulkan Rancangan Undang-Undang sebagaimana di maksud dalam point (a) di atas, kepada DPR dan DPR mengundang DPD untuk membahas sesuai dengan tata tertib DPR.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Pembahasan Rancangan Undang-Undang sebagaimana dimaksud dalam point (b) di atas dilakukan sebelum DPR membahas Rancangan Undang-Undangan dengan Pemerintah</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">DPD bersama DPR ikut membahas Rancangan Undang-Undang yang berkiatan dengan otonomi daerah, hubungan pusat dan daerah, pembentukan, pemekaran dan penggabungan daerah, pengelolaan sumber daya alam dan sumber daya ekonomi lainnya, serta yang berkaitan dengan pertimbangan keuangan pusat dan daerah, serta berkaitan dengan perimbangan keuangan pusat dan daerah.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">DPD dapat memberi pertimbangan kepada DPR atas Rancangan Undang-Undang Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara dan rancangan undang-undang yang berkaitan dengan pajak, pendidikan dan agama.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">f)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">DPD dapat melakukan pengawasan atas pelaksanaan Undang-Undang yang berkaiatan dengan otonomi daerah, hubungan pusat dan daerah, pembentukan, pemekaran dan penggabungan daerah, pengelolaan sumber daya alam dan sumber daya ekonomi lainnya, pelaksanaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara dan pajak, pendidikan dan agama</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Selain lembaga-Iembaga negara sebagai pelaksana kedaulatan rakyat yang memiliki tugas pokok menyalurkan kehendak (aspirasi) rakyat diatas, ada juga lembaga-lembaga negara  sebagai pelaksana kedaulatan rakyat  lainnya, yaitu :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5) Presiden</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kekuasaan Presiden yang diatur dalam UUD 1945 hasil amandemen adalah ;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">membuat Undang-Undang bersama DPR (pasal 5 ayat 1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">menetapkan Peraturan Pemerintah (pasal 5 ayat 2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">memberi grasi dan rehabilitasi dengan memperhatikan pertimbangan MA (pasal 14 ayat (1) UUD 1945)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">memberi amnesti dan abolisi dengan memperhatikan pertimbangan DPR (pasal 14 ayat (2) UUD 1945)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">mengangkat dan memberhentikan mentri-mentri negara (pasal 17)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">f)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">        </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">mengajukan rancangan undang-undang anggran pendapatan dan belanja negara (pasal 23 ayat 2) …. Dst</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">6) Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (BPK)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">BPK merupakan lembaga negara yang bebas dan mandiri dengan tugas khusus ;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Untuk memeriksa pengelolaan dan tanggungjawab keuangan negara (pasa 23E ayat 1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menyerahkan laporan hasil pemeriksaan BPK kepada DPR, DPD dan DPRD sesuai dengan kewenagnanya (pasal 23E ayat 2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">7) Mahkamah Agung (MA)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">MA merupakan lembaga negara yang memegang kekuasaan kehakiman disamping sebuah Mahkamah Konstitusi di Indonesia (pasal 24 ayat 2). MA membawahi beberapa macam lingkungan peradilan, antara lain ;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">- Peradilan Umum, Peradilan Agama, Peradilan Militer dan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adapun tugas dan wewenang MA, antara lain :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengadili pada tingkat kasasi, yaitu memutuskan permohonan kasasi (tingkat banding terakhir)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menguji peraturan perundang-undangan dibawah undang-undang terhadap undang-undang</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Memeriksa serta memutuskan sengketa tentang kewenangan mengadili</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Meninjau kembali putusan pengadilan yang telah memperoleh kekuatan hukum tetap</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">8) Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mahkamah Konstitusi memiliki kewenangan untuk;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengadili pada tingkat pertama dan terakhir untuk menguji undang-undang terhadap UUD</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Memutus sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara yang kewenangannya diberikan oleh UUD</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Memutus pembubaran partai politik dan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">d)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Memutus perselisihan tentang hasil pemilu (pasal 24C ayat 1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Wajib memberikan putusan atas pendapat DPR mengenai dugaan pelanggaran oleh Presiden dan/atau Wakil Presdiden menurut UUD (pasal 24C ayat 2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">9) Komisi Yudisial (KY)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Komisi Yudisial adalah lembaga yang mandiri yang dibentuk oleh Presiden dengan persetujuan DPR  (pasal 24B ayat 3 UUD 1945). Anggota Komisi Yudisial harus mempunyai pengetahuan dan pengalaman dibidang hukum serta memiliki integritas dan kepribadian yang tidak tercela (pasal 24B ayat 2). Komisi Yudisial berwenang mengusulkan pengangkatan Hakim Agung  serta menjaga dan menegakkan kehormatan, keluhuran martabat dan perilaku hakim (pasal 24B ayat 1 UUD 1945).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">10)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">   </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">KPU merupakan komisi yang bertanggungjawab akan pelaksanaan pemilihan umum di Indonesia. KPU bersifat nasional, tetap dan mandiri (pasal 22E ayat 5 UUD 1945). Pemilu dilaksanakan untuk memilih anggota DPR, DPD, Presiden dan Wakil Presiden dan DPRD (pasal 22E ayat 2).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">UU No 12 Tahun 2003 tentang Pemilihan Umum Anggota DPR, DPD dan DPRD dinyatakan, bahwa tugas dan wewenang KPU adalah :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Merencanakan penyelenggaraan pemilihan umum</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menetapkan organisasi dan tata cara semua tahapan pelaksanaan pemilu</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengkoordinasikan dan menyelenggarakan semua tahapan pelaksanaan pemilu</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">4)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menetapkan peserta pemilu</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">5)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menetapkan daerah pemilihan, jumlah kursi dan calon anggota DPR, DPD, DPRD Propinsi dan DPRD Kab/kota</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">6)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menetapkan waktu, tanggal dan tata cara pelaksanaan kampanye dan pemungutan suara, menetapkan hasil pemilu dan mengumumkan calon terpilih anggota DPR, DPD, DPRD Propinsi dan DPRD Kab/Kota</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">7)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Melakukan evaluasi dan pelaporan pelaksanaan pemilu</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">8)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Melaksanakan tugas dan kewenangan lain yang diatur undang-undang</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">C.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">         </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sikap Positif terhadap Kedaulatan Rakyat</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sikap Positif Terhadap Kedaulatan Rakyat</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Membangun sikap positif terhadap kedaulatan rakyat, antara lain :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengenal partai-partai politik</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menghargai hasil pemilu</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menghormati keberadaan lembaga-lembaga negara</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sikap Positif Terhadap Sistem Pemerintahan Indonesia</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Sikap positif terhadap sistem pemerintahan Indonesia, antara lain;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">a)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Menghormati keberadaan lembaga kepresidenan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">b)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mematuhi aturan-aturan yang dibuat oleh pemerintah</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">c)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">       </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mengawasi jalannya pemerintahan, dengan memberi  saran dan kritik </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div> <br /> <div class="MsoNormal"> <br /></div>

RANGKUMAN PKn KELAS 8

RANGKUMAN KELAS 8 BAB I PANCASILA SEBAGAI DASAR NEGARA DAN  IDEOLOGI NEGARA A.  Hakekat Pancasila sebagai Dasar Negara dan Ideolo...

Read more »